Essential Standard:
EEn.2.1 Explain how processes and forces affect the lithosphere.
Clarifying objective:
EEn.2.1.1 Explain how the rock cycle impacts the lithosphere.
EEn.2.1.1
• Summarize the major events in the geologic history of North Carolina and the southeastern United States. Explain how current geologic landforms developed such as Appalachian Mountains, fall zone, shorelines, barrier islands, valleys, river basins, etc. using the geologic time scale.
• Explain how processes change sea-level over time—long- and short-term. Infer the effects on landforms such as shorelines and barrier islands.
EEn.2.1.3
• Recall that soil is the result of weathering of rocks and includes weathered particles: sand, silt and clay.
• Explain differences in chemical and physical weathering and how weathering rates are affected by a variety of factors including climate, topography and rock composition.
• Compare erosion by water, wind, ice, and gravity and the effect on various landforms.
EEn.2.2.1
• Explain the effects of human activity on shorelines, especially in development and artificial stabilization efforts.
• Explain the effects of human activity on mountainsides, especially in development and artificial stabilization efforts.
EEn.2.1 Explain how processes and forces affect the lithosphere.
Clarifying objective:
EEn.2.1.1 Explain how the rock cycle impacts the lithosphere.
EEn.2.1.1
• Summarize the major events in the geologic history of North Carolina and the southeastern United States. Explain how current geologic landforms developed such as Appalachian Mountains, fall zone, shorelines, barrier islands, valleys, river basins, etc. using the geologic time scale.
• Explain how processes change sea-level over time—long- and short-term. Infer the effects on landforms such as shorelines and barrier islands.
EEn.2.1.3
• Recall that soil is the result of weathering of rocks and includes weathered particles: sand, silt and clay.
• Explain differences in chemical and physical weathering and how weathering rates are affected by a variety of factors including climate, topography and rock composition.
• Compare erosion by water, wind, ice, and gravity and the effect on various landforms.
EEn.2.2.1
• Explain the effects of human activity on shorelines, especially in development and artificial stabilization efforts.
• Explain the effects of human activity on mountainsides, especially in development and artificial stabilization efforts.
Essential Questions
1. What tectonic and geologic events formed North Carolina?
2. Why does it become more difficult to reconstruct Earth’s history as we go back in time? 3. How do barrier islands form? 4. What factors influence the rate of weathering? 5. What types of locations have the fastest weathering? 6. What types of erosion move the largest sediments? 7. Why should we care about erosion? What can we do to mitigate erosion? 8. How can we tell if soil is well-suited for growing crops? |
Criteria for Success: "I will"
-Create a timeline of North Carolina’s geologic history.
-Describe how barrier islands form and move, and how they change during severe storms. Use this information to argue what types of development should be permitted on barrier islands. -Collect and graph weathering data to determine the relationship between temperature, moisture, surface area, mineral composition, and weathering rate. -Determine the sediment sizes moved by wind, river, and glacier, by modeling erosion with mixed sediments. -Identify causes and effects of erosion events (Dust Bowl, coastal erosion, deforestation) -Use a soil texture diagram to identify soil types. -Identify the four components of healthy soil. |
Essential Vocabulary
Erosion, including problems (Dust Bowl, landslides) and mitigation (contour plowing, terracing, mountainside netting)
Abrasion Features from wind erosion (examples: dunes, Monument Valley) Features from water erosion (examples: canyons, v-shaped valleys, flood plains) Features from ice erosion (examples: u-shaped valleys, glacial lakes) Weathering: mechanical (including frost wedging), chemical, biological Mitigation strategies for beach erosion: artificial stabilization (groins, seawalls, breakwaters), beach nourishment, planting vegetation/beach grass |
Performance Task
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